Surface condenser



BANCEL Nov. 2 1926,

SURFACE CONDENSER Filed March 26, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 L 4, R). WA W Wms ATTORNYT Nov. 2 1926.

P. A. BANCZEL SURFACE CONDENSER Filed March 26, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheetguoawtoz Hm! A. Bane-e1. 3 1 w g .4 I r u Patented Note 2, 1926.

httlddii? .UNETED hl'l lhlhld PATENT GFFECE...

PAUL A. BANGEL, OF NUTLEY, INEKV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T0 INGERSOLL-BANDCOIVI PANY, 0F JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION-0F NEW JERSEY.

sonraon nonpartisan.

Application filed March 26, 1925. Serial No. 18,378.

This invention relatesparticularly to surface condensers, but n'layapply to other surface cooling or heating devices,'iu which steam orother gas or vapor is condensed or in which air or gas is cooled orheated.

The object of the invent-ion is to cause as complete a flow of thesteam. or vapor as ossihle throu 'h the com'lensin unit for instance,and by producing substantially complete flow, more steam will becondensed. In a cooler or heater as distinguished from a condenser, theobject is also to cause this substantially complete flow of the gas orvapor through the cooler or heater.

In an ordinary surface condenser as, for instance, a single passcondenser, the penetration of flow of vapor or gas is not uniformthroughout the length of the condenser, due to the factthat thetemperature decreases from the water inlet end to the water dischargeend of the condenser. This causes varying ai'nounts of steam to becondensed per unit of tube area in different portions of the condenser,and, the penetration of vapor is less at the water inlet end than at thewater outlet end.

It is an object of this invention to apportion the steam in thevariousparts of the condenser so as to produce substantially the samedepth of penetration throughout and to utilize the entire availablecooling surface of the condenser.

In accordance with my invention, I divide the condenser into sections orcompartments by a partition or partitions extending transversely acrossthe longitudinal water tubes or cooling surfaces of the condenser. Bythis means, the pressure in the bottom of each compartment may belowered enough to cause complete penetration of the steam.

Without the sections or compartments. the air is drawn out of the entirecondenser by the vacuum pump or other'evacuating apparatus, and if thefall of pressure is cient to produce complete penetration of the vaporin the inlet end, steam will be drawnifrom the discharge end of thecondenser, whieh is highly undesirable. If the pressure drop is no morethan sutiicient to cause complete penetration of the vapor at the outletend, a certain amount of inactive cooling surfaces is left at the inletwater end.

- By dividing the. condenser into a. plurality of compartments, thevacuum in each compartment may different, and the amount of inactivecooling surfaces in each compartment is decreased, thus increasing thetotal amount ,of active cooling surfaces in the whole condenser.

The invention is illustrated in one of its preferred forms in theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a side elevation of acondenser, Figure 2 is an end elevation partly in transverse section,and

Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional ele ration of a condenser.

Referring to the drawings, the condenser .A- is preferably a surfacecondenser, provided with the water tubes A, and the condenser shell maybe of wedge shaped form, as shown, in which the mixture of condensablevapor and gas, as steam and air, is admitted in the top and afterpassing downwardly over the condensing surfaces, the condensate passesoutof the bottom, in this instance through the outlets B, there being aplurality of outlets, connected by suitable piping B to the condensateremoval pump B Although coolers need not'be used in co n-- nection withthis invention, they are shown in the drawings for purposes ofillustration, and in this instance a plurality of coolers C are arrangedagainst the lower portion of one or bothsidcs of the. condenser,preferably at an angleto the vertical axis of the condenser. Thesecoolers comprise that portion of the condensing apparatus in which thelatter part of the total heat abstraction of wedge shaped or pyramidalform, although not necessarily of this form; The mixture of an and vaporcoming fr m the condenser A after the major portion ofthe steam has beencondensed, in th1s-case, i

passes upwardly through the coolers, which are provided with multiplecooling'elements,

from the surface condenser, 'anda separate vacuum pump is preferablyusedfor each cooler.

It is apparent from the drawings that suitable piping and connections,to be described, are provided for the circulation of 90 takes place, andthey are preferably shown This p or o plurality of partitions may be thecondenser in any care should be tslrcn t. n towns c suhstcntisliy tight1 o l at tesst, oi:

joint o 7 Bottom oortions,

the ii no the conclcnser casing and throughout height sui'iicicnt toprevent short circ i of the cases between the out lctsor 'vcicii' ipoi-o comiections. Cordilling will prc'fcriuoly he used hetwcen thePill?- tition and. the Walls ol'thc casing around the lower portion oithe casing the joint cc twccii tho partition and the casing. The 'nhcspassing" tightly through the partition, form soilziciently tight jointswithout otlici securing; moons.

Since partition E as shown in Figaro 3 divides tho inlet opening at thetop of the condenser casing, the condcnschle mixture entering thecondenser is caused to divide and flow through both compartments. Inaccordance; with this constrnotion the pressure drop greatest e5 ieWaiter-inlet cnrl and the sciddrop in eizcli compartment isprogressircli smaller from tie injection Water and off the condenser tothe discharge Water end By forming at substantially tight joint aroundlower nortion of the partition E hstwcen the partition and the conclcnswcasing and between the tulics and tho partition E the pressure in thebottom of each compartment may loo lowered enough to cause complete,penetration of the steam from the top to the bottom of eachcoinpcrtment, when both coolers and their moo uni punipc assumed to beconnected thereto are in operation. The vacuum in each com me difierentthat the pres-- in the compartments pI'ogrcssii cc i the crnonnt o"iii-cc" cooi each compartment do f; total sinountot active ccciing 1 2the whole condenser is by this s incrcsscd. example, let be assumed thata. certain vacuum is at the top of tho condenser in cccli coo-snortmcnt. such cases tho vacuums r the bottoms of the compartments heliighcr than given vacuum, loot will pro gressivcly rlccrccso towardstho water discharge end of the condenser The poirtiticn not only formsit dividl ing partitirmv in the condenser, but forms o support sheet forthe tubes. Doc to the position of the inlet with respect to the tubesA", the tendency of the steam entering it at high velocity is to passstraight down instead of under the overhanging portion of the casing Aadjacent the inlet water head Steam dircctcd into these spaces byobstructing its path adjacent the partition E as by means of a battle 1*extending from the partition E to an intermediate tube sheet l flSnitoble means are provided, as stated, foigcirculating Water throughthe condenser and the coolers, and as shown, the condenser is fpi'ovidedwith the inlet water head G and the discharge water hand ll, Wateronters tlie hcai G- at tl'ie water inlet J and passes through the upperrows of tubes It and 0lll1lil16 discharge outlet K. A deck L is formedin thc inlet Water head G and Water "gasses from the'inlct WZi ZBI headthrough the pipe 0 to the water inlets P of the coolers C and from thedischarge outlets the coolers through the common pipe R to the inlet Sof the inlet "Water head G beneath the deck 1L and. thence through thelQWtbl" rows of tubes A to the discharge Writer hood Hi claim: i

1. A surface condenser comprising casing hoving longitudinallyextending; Water tunes, an. inlet for a condenssble mixture of vapor andgas at the top of the casing, at least one-transverse partition'dividingthe casing into it plurality of compartments, and outlets for condensateand non-condensablc vapors at the bottom of each compartment saidnon-condensablc vapor outlets being adapted. to be connected toevacuating spperatos whereby the pressure drop in each compartment maybe progressively sinsllcr.

from the injection Water end 03? the condenser to the discharge Waterend.

2. A surface condenser comprising a, can iing having longitudinzillyextending Water tubes, "an inlet for condcnsohlc mixture oi vapor andgas at the top of tho casing, at least one transverse partition dividingthe casing into 9. plurality of compartments, said partition forming asubstantially tight joint with the bottom portions of the walls of thecasing" and outlets for condensate and noncondcnsoble vapor at thebottom of each compartment, said non-conolcnsahle vapor outlets slicing:idsptcd to be connected to cvsc'ustin apparatus, whereby the pressuredrop in each cornpsrtment may he progrcsend.

4. A surface condenser comprising a casin% having longitudinallyextending water tn es, an inlet for a condensable mixture of Napor andgas at the top of the casing, at least one transverse partition dividingthe easing into a plurality of compartments for steam, said partitionorming a substantially tight joint with, the bottom portions of thewalls of the casing, outlets for condensate and non-condensable vaporsat the bottom of each compartment, and devaporizers connected to saidnon-condensable vapor outlets, said devaporizers being adapted to beconnected to evacuating apparatus, whereby the pressuredrop in eachcompartment may be rogressivelysmaller from the injection waleast onepartition dividing the easing into a plurality of compartments, andoutlets for condensate and non-condensable vapors at the bottom of eachcompartment, said partition forming a substantially tight joint with thebottom portion of the Walls of the casing and with the tubes throughouta height sufficient to prevent short-circuiting of gases between saidoutlets for each com pertinent, said non-condensable vapor outlets beingadapted to be connected to evacuating apparatus, whereby the pressuredrop in each compartment may be progressively smaller from the injectionwater end of the condenser to the discharge water end.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

PAUL A, sauces.

